Conjunctival Disorders

• Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye):

  • Bacterial Conjunctivitis: Caused by bacterial infections, this condition often results in redness, swelling, and a yellow or green discharge from the eye.
  • Viral Conjunctivitis: Typically associated with upper respiratory infections, this form of conjunctivitis causes watery eyes, itching, and sensitivity to light.
  • Allergic Conjunctivitis: Triggered by allergens such as pollen, dust, or pet dander, this condition causes itching, redness, and tearing.
  • Chemical Conjunctivitis: Exposure to irritants like smoke, chlorine, or fumes can lead to inflammation of the conjunctiva.

• Pterygium:

  • A benign growth of the conjunctiva that extends onto the cornea, often caused by prolonged exposure to UV light or irritants. This condition can lead to redness, irritation, and, in advanced cases, visual impairment.

• Pinguecula:

  • A yellowish, raised spot on the conjunctiva, typically near the cornea. It is often associated with aging and UV exposure and can cause dryness and irritation.

• Conjunctival Cysts:

  • Fluid-filled sacs that form on the conjunctiva, causing discomfort, redness, and a sensation of something being in the eye.

• Conjunctival Tumors:

  • These can be benign or malignant growths on the conjunctiva. Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent complications.

Symptoms of Conjunctival Disorders

• Redness and swelling of the eye
• Irritation or a gritty sensation
• Itching or burning
• Discharge from the eye (watery, mucous, or pus-like)
• Sensitivity to light (photophobia)
• A feeling of something being in the eye
• Blurred vision (in advanced cases)

Diagnosis of Conjunctival Disorders At Sri Nirwana Netralaya, our experienced ophthalmologists use advanced diagnostic tools to accurately identify conjunctival disorders:

• Slit-Lamp Examination: A detailed examination of the eye’s structures using a specialized microscope, allowing for close inspection of the conjunctiva.
• Conjunctival Swab or Scraping: Collection of a sample from the conjunctiva to identify the presence of bacteria, viruses, or allergens.
• Biopsy: In cases of suspected tumors or growths, a small tissue sample may be taken for further analysis.

Treatment Options at Sri Nirwana Netralaya

• Medications:

  • Antibiotics: For bacterial conjunctivitis, antibiotic eye drops or ointments are prescribed to eliminate the infection.
  • Antiviral Medications: For viral conjunctivitis, antiviral eye drops or oral medications may be recommended.
  • Anti-Allergy Drops: For allergic conjunctivitis, antihistamine or mast cell stabilizer eye drops help alleviate symptoms.
  • Steroid Eye Drops: In cases of severe inflammation, steroid eye drops may be used under strict medical supervision.

• Surgical Interventions:

  • Pterygium Surgery: Surgical removal of a pterygium is performed when it causes significant discomfort or vision impairment. This is often combined with a conjunctival graft to prevent recurrence.
  • Conjunctival Cyst Removal: Minor surgery to remove cysts that cause discomfort or interfere with vision.
  • Excision of Conjunctival Tumors: Surgical removal of benign or malignant tumors on the conjunctiva, followed by appropriate therapy to ensure complete treatment.

• Supportive Care:

  • Lubricating Eye Drops: Artificial tears or lubricating drops help alleviate dryness and discomfort associated with conjunctival disorders.
  • Cold Compresses: To reduce swelling and irritation, especially in allergic conjunctivitis.
  • Lifestyle and Environmental Adjustments: Recommendations to avoid triggers such as allergens, UV exposure, and irritants.